docker

2019-11-13

docker

Docker

1. install

1. docker

# SET UP THE REPOSITORY
> sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install \
    apt-transport-https \
    ca-certificates \
    curl \
    gnupg-agent \
    software-properties-common
    
## Add Docker’s official GPG key
> curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
> sudo apt-key fingerprint 0EBFCD88

## set up the stable repository(lsb_release -cs sub-command below returns the name of your Ubuntu distribution)
> sudo add-apt-repository \
   "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
   $(lsb_release -cs) \
   stable"
   
# docker community version
> sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

2. nvidia-docker

github

> distribution=$(. /etc/os-release;echo $ID$VERSION_ID)
> curl -s -L https://nvidia.github.io/nvidia-docker/gpgkey | sudo apt-key add -
> curl -s -L https://nvidia.github.io/nvidia-docker/$distribution/nvidia-docker.list | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nvidia-docker.list

> sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y nvidia-container-toolkit
# 开启dockers服务
> sudo systemctl restart docker

3. Manage Docker as a non-root user

Manage Docker as a non-root user

# Create the docker group.
> sudo groupadd docker

# Add your user to the docker group.
> sudo usermod -aG docker $USER

# Log out and log back in so that your group membership is re-evaluated.
# If testing on a virtual machine, it may be necessary to restart the virtual machine for changes to take effect.
# On a desktop Linux environment such as X Windows, log out of your session completely and then log back in.

# 开启dockers服务
> sudo systemctl restart docker

# Verify that you can run docker commands without sudo.
> docker run hello-world

4. Configure Docker tp start on boot

# 启动
> sudo systemctl enable docker
# 关闭
> sudo systemctl disable docker

5. Uninstall Docker CE

# Uninstall the Docker CE package:
> sudo apt-get purge docker-ce
# Images, containers, volumes, or customized configuration files on your host are not automatically removed. To delete all images, containers, and volumes:
> sudo rm -rf /var/lib/docker

2. basic command

CPU

container never stop automatically

# create a container
# --name: specify a name to container
# format: docker run options image_id command
> docker run -dt --name test image

# Attaching a Shell to a Container
>  docker container  exec -it test /bin/bash

GPU

# use gpu
#### Test nvidia-smi with the latest official CUDA image
$ docker run --gpus all nvidia/cuda:9.0-base nvidia-smi

# Start a GPU enabled container on two GPUs
$ docker run --gpus 2 nvidia/cuda:9.0-base nvidia-smi

# Starting a GPU enabled container on specific GPUs
$ docker run --gpus '"device=1,2"' nvidia/cuda:9.0-base nvidia-smi
$ docker run --gpus '"device=UUID-ABCDEF,1"' nvidia/cuda:9.0-base nvidia-smi

# Specifying a capability (graphics, compute, ...) for my container
# Note this is rarely if ever used this way
$ docker run --gpus all,capabilities=utility nvidia/cuda:9.0-base nvidia-smi

3. save a container as an image

The commit\export operation will not include any data contained in volumes mounted inside the container.

在没有访问外网权限的内网区域内, 可方便在不同host上面进行拷贝移植

# Create a tar file from a container’s changes
> docker export container >  bak.tar

# reload, create a new image
> cat bak.tar | docker import - [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]
## 
> docker import bak.tar [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]

创建的 image直接保存 /var/lib/docker目录, 方便创建具有相同运行时的container环境

1 2	# Create a new image from a container’s changes > docker commit [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]

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